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Ziziphus mauritiana
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Family:
RHAMNACEAE
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Citation: Ziziphus mauritiana Lam., Encycl. 3: 319. 1789; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 67. 1982; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 102. 1985; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 105. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 126. 1990; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 69. 1999; Bhandari & Bhansali in N.P. Singh et al., Fl. India 5: 234. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 68. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 131. 2005; P.V. Sreekumar & A.N. Henry in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 732. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 174. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 228. 2009.
Ziziphus jujuba Lam., Encycl. 3: 318. 1789; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 632. 1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 219(157). 1918, non Mill. 1768.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Badari, Badaram, Cherumali, Elentha, Jujuba, Ilantha, Kolam, Lanthapazham, Parinthudar, Perimthudali
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Jujube tree, Common jujube, Indian jujube, Chinese date
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Description:
Trees, to 10 m high; bark dark grey or nearly black, with deep vertical cracks, reddish and fibrous inside; branchlets, petiole and underside of leaves white buff, tomentose. Leaves simple, alternate, distichous; stipular spines solitary or in pairs, straight or one of them recurved; nodes slightly enlarged around the leaf scars; petiole 4-8 mm, stout; lamina 1.5-4 x 1.5-3 cm, ovate, elliptic-ovate, elliptic-orbicular or suborbicular, base oblique, subcordate or round, apex round and retuse, margin glandular-denticulate or serrate, glabrous above, coriaceous, strongly 3-ribbed from base, convergent; lateral nerves 2-3 pairs, pinnate, prominent, slender, intercostae obscure. Flowers bisexual, 5 mm across, greenish-yellow, in 15-20 flowered dense cymose axillary fascicles; peduncle much reduced; calyx tube 0.5 mm, woolly outside, glabrous within; lobes 5, triangular, prominently keeled on inner face; petals 5, cucullate, round at apex, deflexed with the stamens; disc 10-lobed, grooved; stamens 5, enclosed in the petals, not exserted beyond them; filaments slightly dilated at base; ovary embedded in disc, 2-celled; ovule 1, ascending; styles 2, connate to the middle; stigma 2-fid. Fruit a drupe 1 x 0.5 cm, oblong-globose, yellow or orange when ripe; 1-2-celled; seeds 1 or 2, compressed.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
February-April
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Alappuzha, Kasaragode, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kozhikkode, Thrissur, Wayanad, Thiruvananthapuram
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Dry deciduous forests, also planted in the plains
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Distribution:
Paleotropics
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow, Green
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
Yes
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Thekkady, Angamoozhy, Kumbla, Alleppey town
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