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Toona ciliata
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Family:
MELIACEAE
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Citation: Toona ciliata Roem., Syn. Fam. Nat. Monogr. 139. 1846; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 50. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 90. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 112. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 111. 1994; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 98. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 60. 1997; S.S. Jain & S.S.R. Bennet in Hajra et al., Fl. India 4: 504. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 61. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 58. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 121. 2005; N.C. Nair & N.P. Balakr. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 663. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 212. 2009.
Cedrela toona Roxb. ex Rottl. & Willd., Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue Schriften 2: 198. 1803; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 568. 1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 186(133). 1915.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Arana, Thunnam, Vedivembu, Ekana, Chandanavembu, Ikana, Mathagirivembu, Padukaranna, Vembu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Australian redcedar, Indian mahogany, Red cedar, Sandal neem, Toon tree
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Description:
Semi-deciduous trees, to 30 m high, bark 10-15 mm thick, reddish-brown, rough, exfoliating in large flakes; fibrous. Leaves paripinnate, alternate, clustered at the tips of branchlets, estipulate; leaflets 12-30, opposite or subopposite 7-16 x 2-7 cm, ovate, ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, apex acuminate, base oblique, margin entire or serrate, chartaceous, glossy above, pale beneath; rachis 13-90 cm long, slender, grooved above, glabrous, swollen at base; lateral nerves 10-15 pairs, pinnate, slender, prominent, intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers bisexual, 8 mm across, white, in terminal or axillary drooping panicles; peduncle to 2 cm; pedicel to 2 mm long. Calyx cupular; lobes 5, ovate, tomentose, margin ciliate. Petals 5, white, 5 x 3 mm, oblong, spreading, ciliate, imbricate. Stamens 5, free, inserted on the top of disc; filaments subulate; anthers oblong, versatile; disc thick, 5-lobed, pubescent. Ovary superior, ovoid, 2 mm long, pubescent, 5-celled, ovules 8-12 per cell, pendulous; style short, stigma discoid. Fruit a capsule, 1.8-3 x 1.5 cm, 5-valved; seeds many, oblong, thin, winged at both ends.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
February-May
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District(s):
Palakkad, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Thrissur, Wayanad, Malappuram
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen and evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Myanmar; cultivated in Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Africa and the Hawaiian Islands
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Sholayar, Poringal, Kattalappara, Thannikkudy, Mlappara, Thekkady, Parambikulam, Peermade, Dhoni R. F., Kallar, Nadugani ghats, Damsite, Upper Moozhiar, Panoth, Kannoth, Manalara estate forest-Nelliyampathi Ghat
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