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Quassia indica
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Family:
SIMAROUBACEAE
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Citation: Quassia indica (Gaertn.) Nooteb. in Steenis, Fl. Males. ser.1. 6: 199. 1962; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 61. 1982; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 114. 1990; E. Vajr. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 620. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 201. 2009.
Samadera indica Gaertn., Fruct. 2: 352, t.156. f.3. 1791; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 519. 1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 163(117). 1915; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 107. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 86. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 97. 1989; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 106. 1994; R.K. Basak in Hajra et al., Fl. India 4:420.1997; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 161. 2009.
Samadera lucida (Wall.) Planch. in Hook.'s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 5: 562. 1846.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Njotta, Karinjotta
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Niepa bark tree, Rangoon creeper
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Description:
Evergreen tree or shrub to 10 m high. Leaves elliptic-oblong, subacute-rounded at base, acute to acuminate at apex, coriaceous, glabrous, shining, reticulately nerved. Petioles 1-2 cm long, stout. Flowers 20 or more in umbelliform glabrous or puberulous inflorescences. Peduncles 7-30 cm long, stout, flat, thick-above; Pedicels 1-1.5 cm long, to 3 cm in fruit, jointed at base; bracts minute. Calyx 2-3 cm long, 4-lobed; lobes semiorbicular, thick, puberulous outside. Petals 4, free, oblong-oblanceolate, obtuse, 1-2 x ca 0.5 cm, dorsally pubescent, white, pale yellow or purplish. Stamens 8, pubescent. Anthers oblong-lanceolate, 2-3 mm long; filaments puberulous. Ovary ca 2 mm across, puberulous; styles to 2 cm long, glabrous. Drupes 1-4 together, flat, smooth, glandular and reticulate.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
Throughout the year
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District(s):
Thrissur, Kottayam, Alappuzha, Kollam, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Malappuram, Kozhikkode, Kasaragode, Wayanad, Ernakulam
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Along backwaters and moist deciduous forests
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Distribution:
India, Myanmar and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Creamy
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Kannoth, Periya, Kalarcodu
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