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Ischaemum travancorense
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Family:
POACEAE/GRAMINEAE
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Citation: Ischaemum travancorense Stapf ex C.E.C. Fisch., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 353. 1933; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1723(1194). 1934; Sreek. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Kerala Grasses 165. 1991; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 456. 1989; Joseph, Aquatic Angiosp. Malabar 483. 1991; Sur, Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 25: 433. 2001; R. Kr. Singh & P.S.N. Rao, J. Econ. Tax. Bot. 32: 825. 2008; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 863. 2009.
Ischaemum aristatum sensu Hook.f. (non L. 1753) ssp. rottleri Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 7: 127. 1896.
Ischaemum vembanadense Patil & D'Cruz, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 70: 324. 1973; Sreek. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Kerala Grasses 168. 1991; Sur, Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 25: 434. 2001; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 864. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Perennials. Culms 30-200 cm long, trailing or geniculate, rooting at the lower nodes; nodes glabrous. Leaves lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 5-30 x 0.5-1.5 cm, acuminate, rounded or cordate at base, with short hairy petioles. Sheaths slightly keeled. Ligules ovate, acute, membranous, 3-8 mm long. Racemes 2, adpressed together and appear solitary, 8-15 cm long, glabrous; joints clavte-turbinate, 4-5 mm long, crustaceous, glabrous. Sessile spikelets oblong-lanceolate, 6-8 mm long, awnless or very rarely awned; callus glabrous; lower glume oblong or ovate-oblong, 6-7 x 2 mm, crustaceous below with a few side nodules connected by deep or shallow ridges, chartaceous above, faintly 13-15-nerved, very minutely winged at apex, glabrous; upper glume boat shaped or ovate-lanceolate when spread, 6-8 x 1.5-2 mm, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, faintly 5-7 nerved, dorsally keeled and minutely winged at apex, appressed hairy above, margins infolded, hyaline, ciliolate towards apex; lower floret male; upper floret bisexual; first lemma oblong-lanceolate, 5-6 x 1.5-2 mm, delicate, 3-nerved, margins infolded, hyaline; palea oblong-lanceolate, 5-6 x 1-1.5 mm, delicate, 2-keeled, 2-nerved; stamens 3, anthers c. 2 mm long, orange-yellow; second lemma oblong-lanceolate, 5-5.5 x 1.5-2 mm, notched with a rudimentary awn in between or rarely awn developed; palea oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 4-4.5 x 1 mm, delicate, hyaline, 2-nerved, sprinkled with wart-like dots; lodicules obovate, oblique and 2-horned at apex, c. 1 x 0.5 mm, faintly 3-5-nerved; stamens 3, anthers c. 3 mm long; ovary oblong, c. 0.5 x 0.2 mm, styles c. 2 mm long, stigmas c. 2 mm, golden-yellow. Pedicelled spikelets ovate-oblong or obovate, 5-6 mm long, awnless; pedicels clavate-turbinate, 2-3 mm long, glabrous; lower glume ovate-oblong, broadly winged on one margin, 5-6 x 2.5-4 mm, coriaceous, 13-15 nerved, wing scabrid along the margin; upper glume and florets similar to those of the sessile spikelets, but smaller; second lemma entire and awnless.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
September-March
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District(s):
Kottayam, Alappuzha, Thiruvananthapuram
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Wetlands
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Distribution:
Peninsular India
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Aquatic:
Yes
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Monocotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Alleppey town, Nedumudy, Pallana, R. Block, Thottappally, Thrikkunnapuzha
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