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Garuga pinnata
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Family:
BURSERACEAE
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Citation: Garuga pinnata Roxb., Pl. Corom. t. 208. 1811; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 528. 1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 172(121). 1915; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 63. 1982; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 94. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 86. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 99. 1989; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 107. 1990; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 87. 1996; V. Chithra & A.N. Henry in Hajra et al., Fl. India 4: 448. 1997; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 148. 2002; A.N. Henry & V. Chithra in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 634. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 203. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Annakkara, Eechakkara, Karuvembu, Kareyam, Kattukalasam, Kattunelli, Kosramba
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Garuga
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Description:
Deciduous trees, to 25 m high, bark grey or brown, shallowly longitudinally furrowed, exfoliating in large irregular flakes; blaze orange-red. Leaves imparipinnate, alternate, crowded at the tips of branchlets; stipules 5 mm, falcate; rachis 15-30 cm long, pubescent; leaflets 11-21, opposite, petiolule 1-2 mm, slender, pubescent; lamina 2.8-14.8 x 1.5-6 cm, oblong-lanceolate, oblong or ovate-lanceolate, base oblique, cuneate or subacute, margin crenate or serrate, pubescent, chartaceous; lateral nerves 12-18 pairs, parallel, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent. Leaf galls copious. Flowers polygamous, yellow, 4 mm across, in axillary panicles to 15 cm; bracts linear to 2 mm; calyx campanulate, tomentose, deciduous; lobes 5, ovate; petals 5, oblong-lanceolate, tomentose, thickened and inflexed at apex; disc crenate, yellow; stamens 10, inserted on calyx tube; filaments 1.5 and 2.5 mm, pubescent; ovary superior, globose, pilose, 5-celled, ovules 2 in each cell; style pubescent; stigma 5-lobed. Fruit a drupe, greenish-yellow, oblong or irregularly globose, horned; pyrenes 2 or 3; seed one, with a membranous wing.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-August
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District(s):
Kasaragode, Palakkad, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikkode, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Creamy, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
150-900
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Localities:
Peechi, Tolpetty, Taliparamba, Karimbam, Ayyappankovil, Mukkali forests, Karivara slopes, Karamanayar region
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