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Cleistanthus collinus
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Family:
EUPHORBIACEAE
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Citation: Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Benth. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 274. 1887; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1282(897). 1925; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 425. 1990; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 10,16. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 398. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 612. 1997; Chakrab. et al., Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 26: 335. 2002; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 285. 2002; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 324. 200; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 730. 20097.
Clutia collina Roxb., Pl. Corom. t.169. 1802.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Odugu, Odaku
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Deciduous trees, to 15 m high; bark dark brown, nearly black, rough, flaking off in rounded thick scales, blaze red; branchlets, terete. Leaves simple, alternate, distichous; stipules lateral, 2-3 m long, linear; petiole 3-10 mm long, puberulous to glabrous, slender; lamina 3-11.5 x 1.5-8 cm, elliptic, suborbicular, obovate or acute, apex round, retuse or apiculate, margin entire, glabrous, glaucous beneath, chartaceous; lateral nerves 4-8 pairs, pinnate, slender, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers unisexual, yellowish-green, in glomerules borne on main leafy branches and short lateral branchlets; the male 3-5 flowered; females upto 3 flowers; bracts 1.5-2 mm long, subulate; male flowers: pedicels 1-2 mm long, puberulous, calyx tube shortly obconic, lobes 5, occasionally 6, 3-4 x 1-2 mm, triangular-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, adpressed fulvous pilose outside; petals 5, linear; disc annular, shallowly lobed, glabrous; staminal column ca.1.5 mm; anthers oblong; pistillode ovoid; female flowers: pedicel 0.5 mm long, grey-pilose; calyx tube obconic, ca.1 mm long; sepals 4-5 x 1-3 mm, triangular-lanceolate, scattered grey-pilose outside; petals ca. 2 x 1 mm, subulate; disc shortly cupular-annular; ovary superior, 2-2.5 x 2-3 mm, subglobose, glabrous; styles 3-4 mm long, almost free or basal column ca.1.5 mm long, shortly to deeply bifid above, recurved. Fruit a capsule, 18-22 x 17-22 mm, subglobose or wide oblong, truncate at apex, shallowly 3 lobed and 3-angled, glossy, glabrous, black or dark brown when dry; seeds 3, globose, black; pedicels 0.5-1.5 mm long.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
December-November
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District(s):
Palakkad, Malappuram, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Deciduous forests
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Distribution:
India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow, Green
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
-1400
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Localities:
Peechi, Kuchimudi, Olipara forests, Mangalam Dam area, Walayar, Kanjirakadavu
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