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Breynia retusa
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Family:
EUPHORBIACEAE
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Citation: Breynia retusa (Dennst.) Alston, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Peradeniya) 11: 204. 1929; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 359. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 334. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 246. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 411. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 356. 1989; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 422. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 408. 1994; Chakrab. & Gangop., Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 20: 505. 1996; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 336. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 396. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 608. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 366. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 280. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 283. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 600. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 439. 2005; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 340. 2007; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 621. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 725. 2009.
Phyllanthus retusus Dennst., Schluss. Hort. Malab. 24. 1818.
Breynia patens (Roxb.) Rolfe, J. Bot. 11: 359. 1882; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 329. 1887; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1304(912). 1925.
Phyllanthus patens Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 667. 1832.
Melanthesa turbinata Wight, Ic. t. 1897. 1852.
Melanthesa obliqua Wight, Ic. t. 1898. f. 2. 1852.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Aattacherukola, Ekdania
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Shrubs, 1-1.5 m high. Leaves simple, alternate, 1.3-2.5 x 0.7-1.3 cm, broadly elliptic or ovate, apex obtuse, base rounded or acute, glaucous below, black on drying; petiole to 2 mm long. Flowers unisexual, solitary, axillary. Male flowers 3 mm across; pedicels 1 mm long; perianth turbinate, 3-4 mm long, truncate; lobes 5-6; stamens 3. Female flowers 5-6 mm across; pedicels 3-4 mm; perianth campanulate, 3-4 mm long, 5-6-lobed; ovary globose; stigma bifid. Capsule 1.2-1.5 cm across, depressed globose, orange-red on ripening, subtended by the enlarged fruiting perianth.
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Habit:
Shrub
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Flowering & Fruiting:
February-September
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen and deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Sri Lanka to Indo-China
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green, Creamy, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
500-1200
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Localities:
Vazhani, Karimutty, Kottamalapallam, Ambari, Pooppara, Damsite, Valiyaparathode, Thannithode, Kannoth, Marayur, Mundurapalai river side, Chinnar to Marayur, Karivara slopes, Kudam-Siruvani forests, Malampuzha, Mulleria, Cheriyanad, Karuvarakundu, Vadapur
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