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Adenosma indiana
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Family:
SCROPHULARIACEAE
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Citation: Adenosma indiana (Lour.) Merr., Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. n.s. 24:351. 1935; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 280. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 277. 1989; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 324. 1994; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 508. 1997; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 354. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 489. 2009.
Manulea indiana Lour., Fl. Co chinch. 386. 1790.
Stemodia capitata Benth., Bot. Reg. 17; sub.t.1470. 1832.
Adenosma capitatum (Benth.) Hance, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 13: 114. 1873; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 264. 1884; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 949(666). 1923.
Adenosma bilabiatum (Roxb.) Merr., Enum. Pl. 3: 454. 1923; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 205. 1982.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kasithumba
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Erect herbs; stem up to 45 cm tall, densely villous. Leaves opposite or whorled, 2-3.5 x 1-2 cm, ovate to elliptic-ovate, base rounded, margin serrate, apex acute, hairy on both sides, lateral nerves 6-8 pairs, sessile. Flowers in dense, terminal bracteate cylindric heads, 1.5-3 cm long; bracts linear. Calyx-lobes 5, 3-4 mm long, lanceolate, ciliate, upper largest. Corolla bluish or violet; tube c. 5 mm long, cylindric, upper lip erect, 2-fid, lower spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous; anther cells stipitate. Ovules many; style filiform below, dilated above; stigma 2-fid. Capsules 3-4 x 2-2.5 mm, ellipsoid. Seeds c. 0.5 mm long, ovoid-oblong, reticulate.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
June-October
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District(s):
Kottayam, Malappuram, Kozhikkode, Alappuzha, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Thiruvananthapuram, Ernakulam
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Grasslands, deciduous and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Blue, Violet
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Adoor, Pattanakadu
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