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Zanthoxylum rhetsa
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Family:
RUTACEAE
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Citation: Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC., Prodr. 1: 728. 1824; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 495. 1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 150(107). 1925; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 59. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 106. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 93. 1985; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 112. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 53. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 85. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 54. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 127. 1997; K.N. Nair & M.P. Nayar in Hajra et al., Fl. India 4: 387.1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 56. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 52. 2002; R.K. Premanath in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 615. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 200. 2009.
Fagara rhetsa Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1: 438. 1820.
Zanthoxylum limonella (Dennst.) Alston in Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceyl. 6: 37. 1931.
Fagara budrunga Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1:437.1820.
Zanthoxylum budrunga (Roxb.) DC., Prodr. 1:728.1824; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 495.1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 150(107). 1915.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kothumurikku, Mullilam
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Indian prickly ash
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Description:
Deciduous trees, to 20 m high, bark 15-20 mm thick, brown, mottled with white, armed with conical prickles; outer bark dead, corky, pale yellow, inner bark sulphur yellow; branchlets woody, terete, sparsely prickly. Leaves imparipinnate, alternate, clustered at the tips of branchlets, estipulate; leaflets 13-23, opposite or subopposite, 6-19 x 3-6.5 cm, oblong, elliptic-oblong, oblong-ovate, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate, base oblique, margin entire or crenate, glabrous, punctate, coriaceous; petiolule 1-5 mm long;rachis 30-45 cm long slightly grooved above when young, becoming cylindric on maturity, usually prickly, glabrous; lateral nerves 6-12 pairs, slender, pinnate, prominent; intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers polygamous, greenish-yellow, 2-3 mm across, in terminal cymose panicles, peduncle and axis sometimes prickly; male flowers: sepals 4, ovate-triangular, fimbriate along margin, green; petals 4, free, elliptic-oblong, white or creamy yellow, valvate; stamens 4, anthers oblong, yellow; disc lobulate; pistillodes solitary; female flowers: sepals & petals as in male flowers; staminodes absent; disc pulvinate; ovary superior, 4-celled, ovules 2 in each cell; style eccentric; stigma truncate. Fruit a capsule, of 1-4 cocci, purplish, tubercled, aromatic; seeds globose, smooth, blue-black.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-November
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kasaragode, Kollam, Idukki, Malappuram, Kozhikkode, Thrissur, Wayanad, Kannur
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen and moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
-600
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Localities:
Peechi, Koruthode, Pooppara, Ettapadappu, Kalliassey, Taliparamba, Edacode, Ettapadappu
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