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Trichilia connaroides
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Family:
MELIACEAE
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Citation: Trichilia connaroides (Wight & Arn.) Bentv., Acta Bot. Neerl. 11: 13. 1962; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 51. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 91. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 112. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 111. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 24. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 99. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 60. 1997; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 60. 1998; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 137. 1997; S.S. Jain & S.S.R. Bennet in Hajra et al., Fl. India 4: 515. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 61. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 63. 1999; Pradeep, Fl. Vellarimala 40. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 58. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 152. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 121. 2005; N.C. Nair & N.P. Balakr. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 664. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 212. 2009.
Zanthoxylum connaroides Wight & Arn., Prodr. 148. 1834, "Zanthoxylon".
Heynea trijuga Roxb. ex Sims, Bot. Mag. 41 t. 1738. 1815; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 565. 1872; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 183(131). 1915, non Trichilia trijuga Vell. 1825.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Karuvilangam, Korakkadi, Kozhipenali, Kedumbu, Peelimaram, Thirivembu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 15 m high; bark 12 mm thick, reddish-brown or ash coloured, rough, warty; outer bark reddish, inner yellow; branchlets reddish, lenticellate. Leaves imparipinnate, alternate, swollen at base, glabrous; leaflets 5-11, opposite, estipellate; petiolule 7-17 mm, slender, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 5-15 x 2.5-7 cm, ovate, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, base oblique, apex acuminate or shortly caudate-acuminate, margin entire, coriaceous, glabrous, glaucous beneath; lateral nerves 7-10 pairs, pinnate, prominent; intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers bisexual, 6-8 mm across, white, in axillary corymbose panicles; pedicel articulated; calyx lobes 5, ovate, pubescent, imbricate; petals 5, 3-4 x 1 mm, oblong, margin ciliolate; staminal tube deeply 10-lobed, pubescent; lobes 2-fid; stamens 10, anthers attached between the 2-fid lobes; disc annular, fleshy; ovary superior, globose, glabrous, 2-celled, ovules 2 per cell; style slightly obconic; stigma capitate, 2-dentate. Fruit a capsule, globose, bright red, pointed, 2 valved; seed one, yellowish-brown, surrounded by a white fleshy aril.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-September
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kozhikkode, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen, semi-evergreen and shola forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
600-1200
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Localities:
Peechi, Sholayar, Alvarakurichi, Olikkudy, Umikuppan, Uppermanalar, Vallakkadavu, Pathenthode, Kariyilathodu, Karimala, Muthalakkuzhi, Silent Valley R. F., Panthenthode border, Moozhiar, Chandanathode, Panoth, Orange Fam area-Kaikatty, Chemungi, Nadugani
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