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Symplocos cochinchinensis ssp. laurina
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Family:
SYMPLOCACEAE
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Citation: Symplocos cochinchinensis (Lour.) Moore ssp. laurina (Retz.) Nooteb., Rev. Symplocac. 156. 1975 & in Dassan & Fosb., Rev. Handb. Fl. Ceylon 3: 458. 1981; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 169. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 266. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 234. 1989; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 271. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 281. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 209. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 33, 38; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 272. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 195. 1997; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 72. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 233. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 183. 1999; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 359. 2000 Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 183. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 419. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 300. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 412. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 503. 2009.
Myrtus laurina Retz., Obs. Bot. 4: 26. 1786.
Drupatris cochinchinensis Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 314. 1790.
Symplocos spicata Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 542. 1832; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 573. 1882.
Symplocos spicata Roxb. var. laurina (Retz.) Clarke in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 573. 1882; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 782(549). 1921.
Symplocos spicata Roxb. var. malasica Clarke in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 573. 1882.
Symplocos spicata Roxb. var. attenuata (A.DC.) Clarke in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 573. 1882.
Symplocos laurina (Retz.) Wall. ex G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 3. 1837-1838.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kamblivetti, Pachotti, Parala, Pambari
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Chunga
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Description:
Evergreen trees, to 15 m high, bark light grey, thin, smooth. Leaves simple, alternate, 5.5-15 x 2.5-6 cm, elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, apex acute or acuminate, base acute to attenuate, margin crenate-serrate, revolute, glabrous, yellow when dry, coriaceous or chartaceous; petiole 6-15 mm, slender, glabrous, grooved above; lateral nerves 7-8 pairs, pinnate, slender, glabrous; intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers bisexual, white, in axillary simple or branched spikes, 7 cm long, pubescent; bracts solitary at the base of each pedicel; bracteoles early cauducous. Calyx tube adnate to the ovary, lobes 5, minute, lobes 1 mm, triangular. Corolla 1 cm across, lobes 5, ovate, 3 mm, recurved. Stamens many, equal, arranged in 5 group. Ovary 1 mm, inferior, globose 2-3-celled; ovules 2 in each cell, pendulous from the inner angle; style 5 mm, simple; stigma capitate. Fruit a drupe, 8 mm across, glabrous, ampulliform, globose ribbed, purple crowned by calyx lobes; seeds 1-3, oblong.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-May
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen, semi-evergreen and shola forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia and China
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
300-2200
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Localities:
Sholayar, Pandimotta, Vanchikulam, Pothumala, Ichampetty, Vellimala, Vallakkadavu, Karimala, Orukomban, Karimalagopuram, Devicolam, Nelluyampathy forests, Chandanathode, Damsite, Moozhiar, Thannithode, Chandanathode, Teerthundamala, Old Devicolam, Karasu
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