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Strychnos nux-vomica
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Family:
LOGANIACEAE
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Citation: Strychnos nux-vomica L., Sp. Pl. 189. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 90. 1883; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 868(610). 1923; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 171. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 262. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 234. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 289. 1988; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 250. 1989; 444; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 296. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 303. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 228. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 11,17. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 297. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 212. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 430. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 256. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 201. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 199. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 324. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 447. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 542. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Etti, Kangnalam, Kanjiram, Kanniram, Kariram
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Nux-vomica tree, Poison nut, Strychnine tree, Snake wood
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Description:
Trees, to 20 m high, bark thin, yellowish or blackish-grey, smooth or scurfy with lenticels. Leaves simple, opposite, -14 x 2-9 cm, elliptic, broadly elliptic or elliptic-ovate, apex acute or obtuse, base acute to attenuate, margin entire, glabrous, shiny, coriaceous; petiole 5-13 mm, slender, glabrous; 3-5 nerved from base, prominent, glabrous; intercostae reticulate. Flowers bisexual, greenish-white, in terminal sessile cymes, sessile, tomentose, bract 5 mm; bracteole 1.5 mm long. Calyx lobes 4, 1 mm long, triangular, acute, pubescent. Corolla greenish-yellow, tube 10 mm long, longer than lobes, slightly hairy near the base within, lobes 4, 4 x 1.5 mm, oblong, acute. Stamens 4, anthers sessile inserted at the throat of corolla tube. Ovary 2-celled, ovules many in each cell. Fruit a berry, 3-5 cm across, globose, yellowish-red or orange, glabrous; seeds 3 or 4, orbicular, flat, shiny, greenish-white, 2-2.5 cm diameter.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-December
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Moist and dry deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Chinnar, Ennakkapally, Kariamchola, Adoor, Kannoth, Taliparamba, Cheruvathur, Kalliassey, Olavakkot, Panangotteri, Cherthala, Edacode, Muthalalthodu
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