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Solena amplexicaulis
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Family:
CUCURBITACEAE
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Citation: Solena amplexicaulis (Lam.) Gandhi in Saldanha & Nicolson, Fl. Hassan Dist. 179. 1976; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 119. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 200. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 180. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 297. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 215. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 209. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 153. 1995; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 46. 1998; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 296. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 155. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 138. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 136. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 291. 2002; De Wilde & Duyfjes, Blumea 49: 71. 2004; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 236. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 324. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 394. 2009.
Bryonia amplexicaulis Lam., Encycl. 1: 496. 1785.
Solena heterophylla Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 514. 1790; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 123. 1982.
Bryonia umbellata Klein in Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 618. 1805.
Zehneria umbellata (Klein) Thw., Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 125. 1859; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 625. 1879.
Melothria amplexicaulis (Lam.) Cogn. in A. & C. DC., Monogr. Phan. 3: 621. 1881; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 539(380). 1919; Chakrav., Fasc. Fl. Ind. 11: 77. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 195. 1984.
Melothria heterophylla (Lour.) Cogn. in A. & C. DC., Monogr. Phan. 3:618.1881; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 539(380). 1919; Chakrav., Fasc. Fl. Ind. 11: 79. 1982; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 176. 1985.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kakkarikka, Karakia, Kalpurikkadu, Karuvikizhangu, Makirla, Njerinjampuli, Oriya
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Prostrate or climbing scabrid herbs; tendrils simple. Leaves simple, alternate, very variable, angular or shallowly 3-5-lobed, 4-8 x 3-7 cm, ovate-deltoid, apex accuminate, base cordate, margin denticulate, mucronate, scabrid on both sides; petiole to 6 cm. Male flowers in axillary, sessile clusters. Calyx tube to 2 mm, villous; lobes subulate, erect. Petals 5, 3 mm long, ovate-oblong, obtuse, yellow. Stamens 3, free, inserted at base of calyx tube; anthers oblong, ciliate. Female flowers solitary or in clusters. Ovary villous. Berry 1.2 cm across, globose, red; seeds lenticular, rugose.
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Habit:
Climber
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Flowering & Fruiting:
July-January
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Deciduous forest areas, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia to Australia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow, White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
Yes
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
600-800
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Localities:
Ichampetty, Mangaladevi, Uppupara, Pachakkanam, Pandaravarai, Nilikkal, Pandalam, Ranni, Moozhiar, Nedumpoyil, Bekal, Teerthundamala, Ezhimala, Mukkali forests, Kaikatty forests-Pothundy, Kottur R.F., Edathwa, Saivila, Kulathupuzha, Karamanayar region
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