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Shirakiopsis indica
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Family:
EUPHORBIACEAE
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Citation: Shirakiopsis indica (Willd.) Esser, Blumea 44: 185. 1999; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 294. 2007.
Sapium indicum Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 572.1805; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 471. 1888; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1346(941). 1925.
Stillingia indica (Willd.) Oken, Allg. Naturgesch. 3: 1606. 1841.
Excoecaria indica (Willd.) Muell.-Arg., Linnaea 32: 123. 1863; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 366. 1984; Chakrab. & Gangop., Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 18: 206. 1994; Anupama & Sivad., Rheedea 14: 29. 2004; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 634. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Karimatti, Penkolam, Chillakkambatti
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Swamp willow
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Description:
Evergreen trees, to 8 m high, bark greyish or pale brown, smooth, lenticellate; exudation milky acrid; branchlets greyish, terete. Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate; stipules minute, lateral; petiole 5-15 mm long, stout, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 4-15 x 2-4 cm, elliptic-lanceolate, lanceolate, oblong or oblong-elliptic, base acute or cuneate, apex caudate, acuminate or acute, margin crenate, coriaceous, glabrous, glossy above; lateral nerves 5-22 pairs, slender, pinnate, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers unisexual, yellowish-green, in terminal or lateral racemes, to 10 cm long with a series of spirally arranged bracts; bracts subtending 5-7 male flowers and large glands on either side; female flowers: 1-2 at base; pedicels upto 4 cm long, slender; tepals 3, connate, 1-1.5 × 1.4-2 mm; ovary superior, 1.5-2 mm across, 3-celled, ovules one in each cell; styles 3, simple, spreading, recurved, shortly connate at base; stigma linear, glandular. Fruit a capsule, 2.5-3 cm across, globose, unlobed or scarcely lobed, 3-locular, dehiscent; seeds 12-12 x 5-7 mm, dark brown, oblong-ovoid.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
April-December
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District(s):
Alappuzha, Kollam, Ernakulam
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Along backwaters and mangrove forests
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Distribution:
Peninsular India
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Aquatic:
Yes
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow, Green
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Thrikkunnapuzha
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