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Senna tora
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Family:
FABACEAE/LEGUMINOSAE (Subfam.: Caesalpinioideae)
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Citation: Senna tora (L.) Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2:340.1832; V. Singh, Monogr. Indian Subtribe Cassiinae 222. 2001; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 10. 2002; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 330. 2009.
Cassia tora L., Sp. Pl. 376. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 263. 1878; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 401(284). 1919; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 96. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 162. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 145. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 166. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 146. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 222. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 182. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 22. 1992; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 166. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 116. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 10,17. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 164. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 108. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 236. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 123. 1998; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 199. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 259. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Chakramandarakam, Thakara, Ponthakara
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Tamil name(s):
Chakramarda
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English name(s):
Foetid Cassia, Ring worm plant, Sickle Senna, Wild senna
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Description:
Annual, glabrous subshrubs up to 1 m tall. Leaves to 15 cm long, bearing a slender cylindric gland on the rachis between the leaflets of the lower 2 pairs; leaflets 2-4 pairs, 1.5-4.5 x 1.5-2.5 cm, obovate-oblong, apex obtuse, base somewhat oblique, pubescent below; stipules 1-1.5 x 0.1- 0.2 cm, linear. Flowers c. 1.5 cm across, in few-flowered axillary racemes; pedicels 4-6 mm long; bracteoles 2, 2-3 mm long. Sepals 5, 5-6 mm long, obovate-obtuse. Petals 5, yellow, 8-12 mm long, obovate-obtuse. Stamens 10, unequal, only 7 fertile, 3 large, 4 medium, 3 staminodal. Ovary subsessile, pubescent; ovules numerous. Pods 8-14 x 0.3-0.6 cm, linear, subtetragonous, septate between seeds, indehiscent; seeds 20-30, 4-5 mm long, oblong, compressed, chestnut-brown.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
August-December
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Native of South America
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
Yes
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Kattalappara, Thekkady, Thunakkadavu, Plapally, Tellicherry, Mukkali forests, Olavakkot, Kasaragod, Thakazhy, Pooyamkutty, Canoli, Vandalodu, Thenmalai
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