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Scleropyrum pentandrum
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Family:
SANTALACEAE
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Citation: Scleropyrum pentandrum (Dennst.) Mabb., Taxon 26: 533. 1977; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 254. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 351. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 329. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 403. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 414. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 402. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 320. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 388. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 276. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 360. 1998; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 587. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 430. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 714. 2009.
Pothos pentandrus Dennst., Schluss. Hort. Malab. 16, 24, 33. 1818.
Scleropyrum wallichianum (Wight & Arn.) Arn., Mag. Zool. Bot. 2: 550. 1838; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 234. 1886; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1262(884). 1925.
Sphaerocarya wallichiana Wight & Arn., Edinb. New Phil. J. 15: 180. 1833.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Irumulli, Vathamparatti
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Small trees; trunk with sharp axillary thorns. Leaves simple, alternate, to 15 x 9 cm, ovate or oblong, acute or acuminate, base truncate or rounded, coriaceous; nerves 5 pairs, irregular; petiole 4 mm long, stout. Flowers polygamous on drooping spikes; bracts filiform, deciduous. Spikes unequal, solitary or fascicled, along mature stems, 5-10 cm long; bracts triangular, acuminate, 1.5 mm long, scarious. Perianth orange-yellow, adnated to the ovary in bisexual and female flowers and free in male flowers, 5-fid at apex. Stamens 4 or 5, anthers divaricate. Ovary inferior, 1-celled, 3-ovuled; style short; stigma peltate. Drupes pyriform, 2.5 x 2 cm; purple, crowned by the perianth tube; seed 1.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-April
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District(s):
Idukki, Kasaragode, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Palakkad, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikkode, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen and evergreen forests, also in the sacred groves
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Distribution:
Peninsular India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Red
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
300-700
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Localities:
Peechi, Vazhachal, Rosemala, Kattalappara, Pachakkanam, Manthampotty, Pachakkanam, Perunthenaruvi, Kannoth, Tirunalli, Panathur, Payyavur, Santhanpara, Mukkali forests, Kudam-Siruvani forests, Ponmudi, Kulathupuzha, Ariankavu, Vandalodu, Thenmalai, Bonac
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