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Polyalthia coffeoides
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Family:
ANNONACEAE
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Citation: Polyalthia coffeoides (Thw. ex Hook. f. & Thoms.) Hook. f. & Thoms. in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 62. 1872; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 16(11). 1915; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 41. 1988; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 3. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 48. 1990; Debika Mitra in B. D. Sharma et al., Fl. India 1: 270. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 47. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 29. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 33. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 41. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 18. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 9. 1998; Pradeep, Fl. Vellarimala 15. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 5. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 60. 2002; M. Mohanan in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 164. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 101. 2009.
Guatteria coffeoides Thw. ex Hook. f. & Thoms., Fl. Ind. 141. 1855.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Nedunar, Villa
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees to m tall; bole straight with knots and tubercles; bark smooth, dark green, often mottled with greyish-white, young shoots slender, minutely puberulous; branches horizontal. Leaves alternate, distichous, young leaves red at first, 10-27 x 3.5-8.5 cm oblong, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, apex acute or acuminate, base obtuse, cuneate-round or acute; margin entire, slightly undulate; coriaceous, glabrous and shiny above; lateral nerves 8-14 pairs, prominent beneath, pinnate, ascending; intercostae scalariform, obscure; petiole 10-13 mm, stout, glabrous, grooved above. Flowers bisexual greenish-yellow, solitary, extra axillary or some times fascicled on woody tubercles on trunk; pedicels 1-4 cm long, slender, pubescent. Sepals 3, 2 x 5 mm, suborbicular, tomentose. Petals 6 (3+3), 3-5 x 0.5-1 cm, greenish-yellow, flat and strap shaped, subequal; torus convex. Stamens numerous, 1 mm long, cuneate, connectives subglobose at top, concealing the anthers, anther cells remote. Carpels numerous, 3-4 mm long, densely pubescent, oblong, stalked, stigma capitate; ovule one, basal and ascending. Fruit aggregate of berries, 2.5 x 1.5 cm, ovoid, apiculate, dark purple; seed one, broadly ovoid, grooved, smooth and shiny.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
May-August
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kozhikkode, Idukki, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
South India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
500-1500
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Localities:
Peechi, Vazhachal, Kallar, Chenthamara, Nelluyampathy forests, Kanthalppara, Nilikkal, on way to Kannoth, Thuthampara, Karapara estate way, Kudam-Siruvani forests, Boneccord, Kottur R.F., Karuvarakundu, Muthappanpuzha, Athirumala, Chemungi
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