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Piper longum
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Family:
PIPERACEAE
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Citation: Piper longum L., Sp. Pl. 29. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 83. 1886; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1205(844). 1925; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 248. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 338. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 321. 1985; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 343. 1989; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 387. 1988; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 685. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 384. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 306. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 12,18. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 376. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 259. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 577. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 339. 1998; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 287. 2000 Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 264. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 418. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 606. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 688. 2009.
Chavica roxburghii Miq., Syst. Piperac. 239. 1843.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Chapala, Cheenathippali, Kattuthippali, Maghadi, Pippali, Thippali
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Tamil name(s):
Magdhi
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English name(s):
Indian long pepper, Long pepper
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Description:
Scandent or straggling shrubs, sometimes ascending and climbing. Leaves simple, alternate, 8 x 4 cm, ovate, acute at apex, cordate and strongly oblique at base, 7-nerved, membranous, shining above; nerves impressed; petiole 1-3 cm long. Female spike stout, erect; peduncle 1.5 cm long; bracts peltate, orbicular. Male spike to 7 cm long, erect, slender; stamens 2. Berry 2 mm across, glabrous, black or deep red.
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Habit:
Shrub
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Flowering & Fruiting:
August-January
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen, evergreen and moist deciduous forests and wastelands
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
500-1500
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Localities:
Peechi, Vazhani, Kattalappara, Koruthode, Muthalakkuzhi, Edamalayar, Nellikuth, Almost all hills, Aralam, on way to Panoth, Panathur, Sreekantapuram, Mukkail-Anamooli forests, Kudam-Siruvani forests, Sappal hill-Dhoni R. F., Dhoni R. F., Thiruvizhamkunnu
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