| |
Phyllanthus urinaria
|
| |
|
| |
Family:
EUPHORBIACEAE
|
| |
Citation: Phyllanthus urinaria L., Sp. Pl. 982. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 293. 1887; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1289(902). 1925; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 266. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 372. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 345. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 425. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 367. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 734. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 437. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 425. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 333. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 16. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 413. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 294. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 640. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 379. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 297. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 619. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 455. 2005; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 389. 2007; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 649. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 752. 2009.
Phyllanthus leprocarpus Wight, Ic. t. 1895. f. 4. 1852.
|
| |
Malayalam Name(s):
Chirukizhukanelli, Chuvannakizhanelli
|
| |
Tamil name(s):
|
| |
English name(s):
|
| |
Description:
Erect herbs to 40 cm tall; young stem and leaves reddish. Leaves simple, alternate, 0.6-1.2 x 0.4-0.6 cm, oblong, apex acute to apiculate, base oblique, margin ciliate, glabrous; stipules c. 1mm long, linear to subulate. Male flowers in axillary clusters; tepals 6, 1-seriate, orbicular; stamens 5, filaments united; disc 6-lobed. Female flowers in lower axils, solitary; tepals 6, obovate-oblong; ovary warted without; stigma 3, each 2-fid; disc annular. Capsule 2-3 mm across, globose, 3-lobed, sessile, verrucose; seeds 6, trigonous, transversely ridged.
|
| |
Habit:
Herb
|
| |
Flowering & Fruiting:
July-October
|
| |
District(s):
All Districts
|
| |
Medicinal:
Yes
|
| |
Habitat:
In the plains, also in degraded deciduous forests
|
| |
Distribution:
Native of Tropical East Asia; now a Circumtropical weed
|
| |
Aquatic:
No
|
| |
Epiphyte(s):
No
|
| |
Saprophyte:
No
|
| |
Stem parasite:
No
|
| |
Root parasite:
No
|
| |
Flower colour(s):
Yellow, Green
|
| |
Weed:
No
|
| |
Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
|
| |
Exotic:
Yes
|
| |
Garden:
No
|
| |
Edible:
No
|
| |
Vegetable:
No
|
| |
Endemic to:
|
| |
IUCN status:
|
| |
Altitude:
300-700
|
| |
Localities:
Peechi, Kattalappara, Koruthode, Thunakkadavu, Kodumon, Ranni, Alakode, Parappa, Tolpetty, Karimbam, Kannoth, Ambayathode, Anmooly slopes, Malampuzha, Vandanam, Canoli, Manimooli, Arikode, Thenmalai, Vandalodu, Ariankavu, Kulathupuzha, Meenmutty, Kompa
|