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Persea macrantha
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Family:
LAURACEAE
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Citation: Persea macrantha (Nees) Kosterm., Reinwardtia 6: 193. 1962; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 348. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 397. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 407. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 397. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 315. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 11,23. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 383. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 273. 1997; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 56. 1998; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 588. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 353. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 271. 1999; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 279. 2000 Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 271. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 573. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 426. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 611. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 703. 2009.
Machilus macrantha Nees in Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 70. 1831; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 140. 1886; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1227(859). 1925.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kulamavu, Kulirmavu, Kurma, Malamavu, Uramavu, Uravu, Ooravu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Evergreen trees, to 30 m high, bark 20-25 mm thick, surface pale brown, mottled with dark blotches, scurfy and thinly scaly, rough, exfoliations small, brittle; branchlets glabrous. Leaves simple, alternate, clustered at the tip of branchlets, 6.5-20 x 3.7-10 cm, oblong, elliptic-oblong or ovate-oblong, apex obtuse or obtusely acute, base oblique or acute, margin entire, glabrous, glaucous beneath, coriaceous; petiole 15-40 mm long, stout, grooved above, glabrous; lateral nerves 6-12 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae reticulate, obscre. Flowers bisexual, 10-12 mm across, pale yellow, in panicles from upper axils and terminal. Perianth tube very short, tepals 6, subequal, in 2 series, 4-5 mm, obovate, puberulous; persistent, spreading or reflexed in fruit. Stamens 9 perfect, those of first and second row opposite the perianth lobes, introrse, with long filaments, those of third row opposite the first row, extrorse with slender filaments and a pair of stipitate glands at their base, filaments pubescent 2.5 mm; anthers 4-celled; staminodes 3, in row 4 and opposite the row 2, 4 mm long, stalked, arrow shaped, pubescent. Ovary half inferior, sessile, 1-celled; ovule 1, pendulous; style, slender, 2 mm; stigma discoid. Fruit a berry 15-18 mm across, globose, green with white specks, aromatic, with a basal persistent rim of perianth; lobes reflexed in young fruits, deciduous later; epicarp red when ripe; seed one, globose.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
December-May
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen, semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests, also in sacred groves
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Distribution:
Peninsular India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green, White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
700-2000
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Localities:
Peechi, Poringal, Rosemala, Karimutty, Vallakkadavu, Sabarimala, Anchurali, Karimala, Kaikatty, Sangili, Kulathupuzha, Nadugani ghats, Kakki hills, Chandanathode, Devicolam, Mukkali forests, Orange Fam area-Kaikatty, Karivara slopes, Aroor, Vandanam, Poo
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