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Paspalum scrobiculatum
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Family:
POACEAE/GRAMINEAE
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Citation: Paspalum scrobiculatum L., Mant. Pl. 1: 29. 1767; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 7: 10. 1896; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1772(1227). 1934; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 337. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 480. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 474. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 360. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 551. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 463. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 948. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 584. 1990; Joseph, Aquatic Angiosp. Malabar 501. 1991; Sreek. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Kerala Grasses 287. 1991; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 553. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 445. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 20,27. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 522. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 392. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 845. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 541. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 354. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 399. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 838. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 583. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 879. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 1004. 2009.
Paspalum orbiculare Forst., Fl. Ins. Aust. Prodr. 7. 1786; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1772(1227). 1934.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Varagu, Kattarakku,
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Kodo millet, Mau'u-laiki
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Description:
Annuals or perennial herbs; culms 15-80 cm high, tufted, erect or creeping and rooting at the lower nodes; nodes glabrous. Leaves 3.5-36 x 0.4-1 cm, lanceolate to linear, base rounded, apex acuminate; sheaths to 15 cm long; ligules membranous, ciliate. Racemes usually 2, rarely 3-5, 2.5-7 cm long; rachis flat. Spikelets 2-ranked or 3-ranked, 2-3.5 mm long, ovate-orbicular or obovate, obtuse. Lower glume absent. Upper glume 2-3.5 x 2-2.5 mm, ovate or orbicular, membranous. Lower floret barren. Upper floret bisexual. First lemma 2-3.5 x 2-2.5 mm, ovate or orbicular, crustaceous; palea 2-2.5 x 1.5-2 mm, ovate or orbicular, crustaceous, inflexed. Stamens 3; anthers yellow or brown. Ovary c. 0.5 mm long; stigmas cream yellow or violet in colour.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
Throughout the year
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Marshes, ponds, wet lands and other water-logged areas
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Distribution:
India and Pakistan
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Aquatic:
Yes
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Monocotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
500-1400
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Localities:
Peechi, Kattalappara, Rosemala, Ollavayal, Kokkarakandom, Nelliparakkandom, Thunakkadavu, Valiyaparathode, Campshed area, Moozhiar, Pampa valley, Payyanur, Taliparamba, Kannoth, Tellicherry, Munnar, Pallithode, Cheriyanad, Thottappally, Manimooli, Kanjir
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