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Paracroton pendulus ssp. zeylanicus
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Family:
EUPHORBIACEAE
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Citation: Paracroton pendulus (Hassk.) Miq. ssp. zeylanicus (Thw.) Balakr. & Chakrab., Kew Bull. 48: 719. 1993; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 411. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 633. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 376. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 296. 2002; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 218. 2007; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 748. 2009.
Desmostemon zeylanicus Thw., Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 278. 1861.
Ostodes zeylanica (Thw.) Muell.-Arg., Linnaea 34: 214. 1865; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 400. 1887; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1336(934). 1925.
Fahrenheitia zeylanica (Thw.) Airy Shaw, Kew Bull. 20: 410. 1966; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 250. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 429. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 329. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 22,31. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 288. 1997.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Modakam, Modha, Vellamaram
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 20 m high; bark greyish-brown; blaze dull yellow; branches angled. Leaves simple, alternate; stipules lateral, cauducous; petiole 40-70 mm long, stout with 4 glands at the apex of the petiole in 2 rows on either side, leoidote scales present; lamina 15-30 x 7.5-12 cm, oblong, elliptic-oblong or obovate, base acute, apex obtusely acuminate, margin distantly serrate, glabrous, coriaceous; lateral nerves 10-15 pairs, pinnate, ascending, prominent; intercostae scalariform, prominent. Flowers unisexual, white, in lax terminal and lateral elongate pendulous racemes; bracts ovate, ciliate; tepals 10 in 2 rows; outer 5 unequal, densely lepidote-scaly outside; inner 5 longer than outer lobes, white; disc glands 5-10; stamens many, filaments free; ovary 3-celled, ovule 1 in each cell; styles 3, bifid. Fruit a capsule, 2.5-3 cm across, rusty tomentose, globose, splitting into 3, 2 valved cocci; sees ovoid.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-April
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District(s):
Palakkad, Idukki, Kollam, Malappuram, Thrissur, Wayanad, Kannur
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Western Ghats and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow, Creamy
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Vellanimala, Vazhachal, Rosemala, Kallar, Deviar, Vengoli, Pooppara, Poochapara, Mukkali forests, Kudam-Siruvani forests, Ayyappankovil, Pooyamkutty, Thalichola, Nadugani ghats, Ettapadappu, Rockwood
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