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Nymphoides hydrophylla
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Family:
MENYANTHACEAE
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Citation: Nymphoides hydrophylla (Lour.) O. Ktze., Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 429. 1891; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 237. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 293. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 253. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 452. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 297. 1990; Joseph, Aquatic Angiosp. Malabar 133. 1991; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 308. 1994; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 259. 1998; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 451. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 548. 2009.
Menyanthes hydrophylla Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 129. 1790.
Nymphoides cristata (Roxb.) O. Ktze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 429. 1891; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 175. 1982.
Menyanthes cristata Roxb., Pl. Corom. t.105. 1798.
Limnanthemum cristatum (Roxb.) Griseb., Gen. Sp. Gent. 342. 1839; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 131. 1883; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 883(620). 1923.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Cheruthettambel, Neythel
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Rhizomatous annuals or perennials; rhizome 0.5-1.5 cm thick. Primary fertile shoots many, uniphyllous, arising from the axils of scales on the rhizome. Secondary shoots zig-zag, sympodial, many-jointed, each joint bearing a single floating leaf. Leaves all fertile, floating, 6-10 cm across, ovate to orbicular, base deeply cordate, gland-dotted below, membranous; petiole to 2.5 cm long. Flowers bisexual and female, in umbellate clusters of 10 -20 at the junction of the branch and petiole; pedicels 3-4.5 cm long. Calyx deeply 5-partite; lobes 3-5 mm long, narrowly lanceolate. Corolla white with a yellow throat; tube c. 2 mm long with a ring of glandular hairs at the throat; lobes 5, 7-8 x 3-4 mm, with flexuous, membranous wings on the margins and a similar median longitudinal crest within. Stamens 5, highly reduced in female flowers. Ovary bottle-shaped with 5, minute, orbicular, disc glands at the base; stigmas 2-lobed. Capsule to 14 mm long, oblong. Seeds 4-6 in each capsule, to 2 mm across, discoid, brown.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
Throughout the year
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Ditches in grasslands and ponds
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia and South China
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Aquatic:
Yes
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Kumarikulam, Vallakkadavu, Ezhimala, on way to Mattanur, Kuthuparamba, Kalliassey, Palakkad, Olavakkot, Pallippuram, Mararikulam, Elavanchery-Nemmara
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