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Mitragyna parvifolia
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Family:
RUBIACEAE
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Citation: Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Korth., Observ. Naucl. Ind. 19. 1839; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 585(413). 1921; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 133. 1982; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 136. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 225. 1988; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 338. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 236. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 183. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 12, 19; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 227. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 158. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 334. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 179. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 152. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 154. 2002; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 428. 2009.
Nauclea parvifolia Roxb., Pl. Corom. t. 52. 1796.
Stephegyne parvifolia (Roxb.) Korth., Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Bezitt. Bot. 161. 1842; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 25. 1880.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kadamamaram, Kadambu, Neerkadambu, Poochakadambu, Sirikadamba, Veembu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Kaim
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Description:
Deciduous trees, to 25 m high, bark 20-25 mm thick, grey-black, smooth exfoliations thin, irregular, fibrous; blaze pink, traversed by whitish rays; branchlets subterete. Leaves simple, opposite, decussate; stipules 1 cm long, interpetiolar, ovate-oblong or obovate, foliaceous, membranous, cauducous; petiole 10-40 mm long, stout, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 5-16 cm x 2.5-10 cm, variable, ovate, orbicular, elliptic or ovate-oblong, base obtuse, attenuate, acute or subcordate, apex obtuse or round; margin entire, glabrous, coriaceous; lateral nerves 6-10 pairs, pinnate, prominent beneath; intercostae scalariform, slender; domatia present. Flowers bisexual, creamy white, 10-12 mm long, in terminal heads; peduncle supported by a pair of bract like oblong leaves; bracteoles small, subulate; calyx tube short, truncate, rim even; corolla tube funnel shaped, 8 mm long, villous inside, lobes 4-5 oblong, reflexed; stamens 5, attached towards the apex of corolla tube; anthers apiculate; ovary 2-celled, inferior, ovules many; style filiform; stigma mitriform, hollow at base. Fruit capsules in globose heads, 2-3 mm long, ribbed, separating in to two cocci, brown; seeds many, small, 10-ribbed.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-December
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District(s):
Palakkad, Idukki, Malappuram, Kannur, Kollam, Kozhikkode, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Moist deciduous forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Pullankandom, Kattalappara, Athiyodai, Koruthode, Swamikkayam, Anakkalvayal, Chindaki forest, Panthenthode border, Baveli, Tolpetty, Mukkali forests, Walayar, Kavalamukata, Kulathupuzha
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