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Martynia annua
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Family:
PEDALIACEAE
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Citation: Martynia annua L., Sp. Pl. 618. 1753; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1003(705). 1924; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 213. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 296. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 271. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 328. 1988; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 560. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 336. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 340. 1994; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 486. 1997; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 527. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 603. 2009.
Martynia diandra Gloxin, Obs. Bot. 14, t. 1. 1785; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 386. 1884.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kakka-chundu, Pulinakham
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Devil's claw, Snake's head, Tiger's claw
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Description:
Erect subshrubs to 1 m tall, glandular-hairy all over. Leaves 8-20 x 6-19 cm, broadly ovate to suborbicular, base cordate, margin sinuate-dentate, apex acute, chartaceous, palmately 5-nerved from base; petiole 8-14 cm long. Racemes 7-14- flowered, at the bifurcations of the branches; peduncle 4-8 cm long; pedicel 1-2 cm long; bracts 1-2 x 0.7-1 cm, broadly ovate, pale pink. Calyx lobes 5, greenish-white, 9-12 mm long; ovate-oblong. Corolla reddish-purple with yellow throat; tube 3-4 cm long; lobes rounded. Stamens 2; filaments white, c. 1 cm long; anther cells disjunct, superposed, longitudinally coherent with the opposite pair; staminodes 3. Fruits drupaceous, ovoid, flattened somewhat dorso-ventrally, ribbed, viscid-pubescent; endocarp 2-3 cm long, hard, black, with a hooked spine at tip.
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Habit:
Shrub
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Flowering & Fruiting:
July-August
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Wastelands
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Distribution:
Tropical and Subtropical America; naturalised in Indian subcontinent
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Rose, White
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Weed:
Yes
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Malampuzha, Cannanore, Walayar, Panangotteri, Veli, Kasaragod, Alappuzha beach, Chanthakunnu
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