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Imperata cylindrica
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Family:
POACEAE/GRAMINEAE
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Citation: Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch., Nomencl. Bot. (ed.3) 10. 1797; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 473. 1984; Sreek. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Kerala Grasses 114. 1991; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 448. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 27. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 516. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 386. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 395. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 825. 2002; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 857. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 985. 2009.
Lagurus cylindricus L., Syst. Nat. (ed.10) 878. 1759.
Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. koenigii Dur. & Schinz., Consp. Fl. Africa 5: 694. 1894; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1708(1184). 1934
Imperata arundinacea Cyrillo, Pl. Rar. Neap. 2: 26. 1792; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 7: 106. 1896.
Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. major (Nees) C.E. Hubb. ex Hubb. & Vaughan, Grass. Maur. 96. 1940; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 465. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 355. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 544. 1988; Sreek. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Kerala Grasses 114. 1991; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 543. 1994; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 531. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 352. 1999; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 578. 2005.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Vidulam, Darbha, Darbhapullu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Blady Grass, Cogongrass, Sword Grass, Elephant grass
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Description:
Perennials. Culms 40-120 cm high, rhizomatous; nodes bearded. Leaves 12-50 x 0.5-1.2 cm, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, base narrowed, mostly basal, glaucous; sheaths overlapping, to 8 cm long; ligule ovate, membranous. Panicles 4-18 cm long, spiciform, cylindrical, white silky hairy. Spikelets 2.5-4 mm long, lanceolate, similar, pedicelled, enveloped in long silky hairs. Lower glume 2-3 x 1 mm, lanceolate, long-pilose without. Upper glume similar. Lower floret empty. Upper floret bisexual. First lemma 1.5-2 x 1 mm, oblong-lanceolate, hyaline, apex ciliate. Second lemma 1-1.5 x 1 mm, elliptic-lanceolate, hyaline. Palea 0.5-1 mm long, obovate. Stamens 2; anthers c. 3 mm long, orange-yellow. Ovary oblong; stigmas 2-3 mm long.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-July
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Grasslands, banks of backwaters, forest clearings and fallow fields
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Distribution:
Paleotropics
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
Yes
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Monocot/Dicot:
Monocotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
500-1000
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Localities:
Peechi, Rosemala, Vanchikulam, Manakkavala, Anakkalvayal, Moozhiar, Campshed area, Baveli, Periya, Teerthundamala, Kanjirapuzha, Meppadi, Boneccord, Chinikkala, Thekkady ****, Sulthan Bathery, R. Block, Cochin, Venmony, Thiruvizha, Thenmalai, Choodal for
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