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Ichnocarpus frutescens
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Family:
APOCYNACEAE
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Citation: Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) R. Br. in Ait.f., Hort. Kew. (ed. 2) 2: 69. 1811; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 669. 1882; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 820(577). 1923; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 162. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 254. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 228. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 278. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 241. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 417. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 281. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 292. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 215. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 9. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 280. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 203. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 414. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 243. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 189. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 439. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 311. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 424. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 521. 2009.
Apocynum frutescens L., Sp. Pl. 213. 1753.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Palvalli, Parvalli
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Black creeper
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Description:
Climbers, branchlets brown-tomentose. Leaves simple, opposite, 4-6 x 3 cm, ovate, apex obtusely acute, base rounded, nerves 5 pairs, brown-pubescent below; petiole to 5 mm long. Flowers 3.5 mm long, in terminal or axillary panicled cymes; pedicels 3 mm long. Calyx 1 mm long, lobes ovate, acute, pubescent. Corolla white, salver shaped, contracted at mouth, tube 2 mm long, hairy inside, throat densely white-villous, lobes twisted, oblong, acuminate. Stamens included, anthers deeply sagitate at base, apiculate at apex. Carpels 2, free, stigma columnar. Mericarps follicular, to 15 cm long, slender, rusty puberulus; seeds many, compressed, crowned with long silky coma.
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Habit:
Climber
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Flowering & Fruiting:
August-March
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Moist and dry deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia and Australia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
400-700
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Localities:
Peechi, Vellanimala, Kattalappara, Pamba, Vengoli, Adoor, Ezhimala, Kannoth, Nedumpoyil, Periyarum, Taliparamba, Parassanikkadavu, Malampuzha, Mathur, Mukkali forests, Thiruvizhamkunnu, Panavally, Nedumkayam, Vandalodu, Thenmalai, Kompa, Meenmutty
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