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Hydnocarpus alpina
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Family:
FLACOURTIACEAE
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Citation: Hydnocarpus alpina Wight, Ic. t. 942. 1845; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 197. 1872; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 52(37). 1915; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 36. 1982; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 11. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 61. 1990; R.L. Mitra in B.D. Sharma & N.P. Balakr., Fl. India 2: 418. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 61. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 16. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 23. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 45. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 27. 1997; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 52. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 18. 1998; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 195. 2000 Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 17. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 75. 2002; N.P. Balakr. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 275. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 123. 2009.
Hydnocarpus pendula Manilal et al., Trop. Plant. Sci. Res. 1: 35. 1983; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 59. 2005; Balakr. in Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 276. 2005.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Attuchankala, Kattumarotti, Malamarotti, Malamaravetti, Pinervetty, Vilamaram
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees to 15 m; bark 5-6 mm thick, smooth, greyish-brown, slightly rough; branchlets puberulus. Young leaves copper red. Leaves simple, alternate, drooping, 8-25 x 5-10 cm, ovate, elliptic-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, apex acute or acuminate, base oblique, round or acute, margin entire, glabrous, glossy, coriaceous; lateral nerves 7-10 pairs, pinnate, slender, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent; petiole 5-10 mm, stout, swollen tipped, grooved above and glabrous; stipules lateral, deciduous. Flowers unisexual 22-25 mm across, yellowish-white, solitary or in stout axillary fascicles; pedicel 1. 5-2 cm long, deflexed, pubescent. Sepals 5, 8 mm long, oblong, pubescent, imbricate. Petals 5, 1 cm long, narrow, glabrous, with a scale at the base; scales linear, as long as petals, sparsely hairy. Stamens 5-15; filaments glabrous; connectives broad; ovary 1-celled, tomentose, stigmas 5, free, radiating, recurved. Fruit a berry, 5-7 cm across, densely tomentose, dark brown.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
February-July
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District(s):
Palakkad, Pathanamthitta, Idukki, Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Kozhikkode, Thrissur, Wayanad, Ernakulam, Malappuram, Kannur
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
South India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
1000-2000
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Localities:
Peechi, Sholayar, Vellanimala, Vazhachal, Rosemala, Koruthode, Inchippara, Nelluyampathy forests, Manthampotty, Kothala, Arampa, Mukkali dam site, Valiyaparathode, Aruvanpara, Mukkali forests, Pothundy Dam slopes, Kottaramvachapara, Ettapadappu, Bonaccor
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