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Haldina cordifolia
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Family:
RUBIACEAE
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Citation: Haldina cordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsd., Blumea 24: 361. 1978; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 208. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 189. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 215. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 231. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 183. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 219. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 148. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 321. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 172. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 148. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 312. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 250. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 417. 2009.
Nauclea cordifolia Roxb., Pl. Corom. t. 53. 1796.
Adina cordifolia (Roxb.) Hook. f. ex Brand., For. Fl. 263. t.33. 1874; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 24. 1880; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 584(412). 1921.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Barakuram, Katamba, Manjakadambu, Malamkadambu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Haldu
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Description:
Deciduous trees, to 30 m high, bark 1.3 cm, grey-brown, exfoliating in small patches; blaze pink-red; bole buttressed; tree crown ovoid; bark 10-12 mm thick, grey-brown, often pitted; blaze reddish; branches horizontal; branching monopodial; young shoots pubescent. Leaves simple, opposite, decussate, stipulate; stipules 10-12 x 7 mm, intrapetiolar, obovate, foliaceous, cauducous; petiole 4-10 cm long, stout, pubescent; lamina 10-20 x 10-20, orbicular or ovate or boadly ovate, base cordate, apex acuminate, margin entire, glabrous above, pubescent beneath, chartaceous; nerves 5-7 from base, lateral nerves 3-5 pairs, pinnate, prominent, regular; intercostae scalariform, prominent; domatia present. Flowers bisexual, yellow, in axillary globose heads 3-4 mm long, mixed with many filiform bracteoles; hypanthium 1-2 mm long, densely hairy; calyx cupular, 1.5-2 mm long, tube short, lobes 5, 1.3-1.8 mm long; corolla 7-9 mm long, 5-riged, densely finely hairy outside, lobes 5, oblong, 1-2 mm long, densely hairy; stamens 5, exserted; filaments 0.5 mm; anthers 1-2 mm long, oblong; ovary 2-celled, inferior; ovules many on a pendulous placenta; style filiform; stigma globose. Fruit a capsule, 2-3 mm long, of 2 dehiscent cocci, turbinate, brown; seeds many with tail at one end and a bifid wing other end.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
October-March
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District(s):
Palakkad, Idukki, Kasaragode, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Ernakulam, Kozhikkode, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Indo-China
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
-700
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Localities:
Peechi, Athirapally, Palapally, Kattalappara, Choodal, Thekkady, Vengoli, Thellikkal, Tolpetty, Dhoni R. F., Walayar, Mukkali forests, Nelluyampathy forests, Sulthanbathery, Konni, Kannoth, Parappa, Mangalam Dam area, Pooyamkutty, Vadapuram, Kulathupuzha
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