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Ficus tsjahela
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Family:
MORACEAE
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Citation: Ficus tsjahela Burm. f., Fl. Ind. 227. 1768; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 514. 1888, "tjakela"; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1362(953). 1928; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 277. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 380. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 358. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 260. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 434. 1988; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 756. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 450. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 434. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 353. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 18,31. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 430. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 305. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 671. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 395. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 299. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 314. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 637. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 466. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 666. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 775. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Aal, Chela, Karaal, Kara
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Deciduous trees, often epiphytic, to 15 m high; aerial roots absent; bark surface dark brown, rough, blaze red, fibrous; exudation milky. Leaves simple, alternate spiral, stipulate; stipule 4-7 cm long, lateral, ovate-lanceolate, yellowish-red, foliaceous; petiole 3.5-10 cm long, slender, grooved above, glandular at apex below, glabrous, articulate; lamina 9-21 x 3.5-12 cm, oblong, elliptic-oblong or ovate-oblong, base rounded, subtruncate or cuneate, apex abruptly acuminate, margin entire; coriaceous, glabrous, glossy above; 3-5-ribbed from base, lateral nerves 7-14 pairs, pinnate, prominent, looped near the margin, intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers unisexual; inflorescence a syconia, sessile, in clusters of 2-6, on very short crowded tubercles in the axils of the leaves or most frequently at the scars of fallen leaves, depressed-globose, wall thin, orifice small, plane, internal bristles none; basal bracts 3, 2-2.5 x 3-3.5 mm, ovate, concave, persistent; flowers of 4 kinds; male flowers few, sessile, only near the mouth of receptacle, tepals 2-3, ovate, red, free or shortly jointed, shorter than the single stamen; anthers ovate; filaments about as long; female flowers sessile, tepals 3-4, red, lanceolate, free or shortly jointed; ovary superior, obovate, dark red; style elongate; stigma cylindric; gall flowers like female, sessile or with white pedicels. Syconium 5-6 mm across, yellowish-white and dotted, sessile rarely very shortly peduncled; achenes smooth.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-April
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Moist deciduous forests, also in the plains; often epiphytic and later becoming independent
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Distribution:
Peninsular India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
500-700
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Localities:
Peechi, Kattalappara, Mavelikkudy, Mlappara, Parambikulam, Arippa, Valiyaparathode, Moozhiar, Chathanathara, Payyavur, Taliparamba, Ambayathode, Manantody, Periya, Anamadai area, Bhavani river bank, Peradala, Olathala, Kanjirakadavu, Kazhuthuruthy, Bonac
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