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Ficus arnottiana
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Family:
MORACEAE
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Citation: Ficus arnottiana (Miq.) Miq., Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. 3: 287. 1867; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 513. 1888; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1363(953). 1928; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 377. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 353. 1985; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 372. 1989; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 432. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 12,18. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 428. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 392. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 310. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 629. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 462. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 769. 2009.
Urostigma arnottiana Miq. in Hook.'s London J. Bot. 6: 564. 1847.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Aswathom, Amakanniyan, Kallal, Kallarayal
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Indian Rock Fig
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Description:
Deciduous independent trees, to 10 m high, aerial roots absent; bark surface grey-brown, smooth, tuberculate-lenticellate; latex milky. Leaves simple, alternate spiral, 6-20 x 5-13 cm, broadly ovate, apex caudate-acuminate, base deeply cordate,margin entire, slightly undulate, glabrous, coriaceous; stipules 3-5 cm long, lateral, reddish-green, glabrous, cauducous, leaving annular scars; 5-7-ribbed from base, lateral nerves 5-8 pairs, pinnate, slender, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent; petiole 3-10 cm long, slender, not articulated, glabrous. Flowers unisexual; inflorescence a syconia, in axillary pairs or crowded near the apex, sessile or shortly pedunculate, globose, glabrous, orifice plane; bracts 3, 1 x 2-2.5 mm, ovate, thin, eventually cauducous; flowers of 4 kinds; tepals red, more or less gamophyllous, 3-4 lobed, fleshy; male flowers sessile, around the orifice and sparsely scattered in the interior of the syconia; stamens 1, subsessile; anthers 2-celled, ovate-oblong, dehiscence longitudinally; female flowers sessile, sparsely scattered in the interior of syconia, cream, somewhat reddish on stylar side; ovary superior, depressed globose; style filiform; stigma flat gall flowered stalked; neutar flowers few. Synconium yellowish-brown when ripe; 5-7 mm across; achenes smooth.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
December-April
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Kasaragode, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Kozhikkode, Wayanad, Kannur
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests
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Distribution:
India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
700-1200
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Localities:
Vellanimala, Koruthode, Pambavalley, Vengoli, Kuchimudi, Pampa, Manjeswar, Meenmutty, Bonaccord
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