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Erythroxylum monogynum
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Family:
ERYTHROXYLACEAE
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Citation: Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb., Pl. Corom. t.88. 1798; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 414. 1874; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 127(90). 1915; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 100. 1984; U. Chatterjee & B.D. Sharma in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 590. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 94. 1994; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 42. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 49. 1999; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 103. 2005; V.P. Prasad in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 511. 2005.
Sethia indica DC., Prodr. 1: 576. 1824.
Erythroxylum indicum (DC.) Bedd., Fl. Sylv. t. 81. 1871.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Chembulinga, Palayachandanam, Vella-devadaram
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Bastard sandal, Red cedar
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Description:
Large shrub to small trees, to 7 m high; bark dark-brown, very rough, lenticellate; branchlets compressed. Leaves simple, alternate, rarely distichous; stipules intrapetiolar, on the arrested shoots imbricating; petioles 3-8 mm, slender, grooved above, glabrous, chartaceous; lamina 2-6.5 x 1-3 cm, obovate or oblanceolate, base attenuate or cuneate, apex obtuse, margin entire, lateral nerves 6-14 pairs, pinnate, slender, faint, intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers bisexual, white, axillary, solitary or 1-4 in axillary fascicles; sepals 5-6, ovate, acute, glabrous; petals 5-6, white, oblong, with an erect double ligule on inner side, imbricate, stamens 10-12, monadelphous; ovary 3-4-celled, styles 3-4, united into a style with capitate stigmas; ovary superior, 3-4-celled, ovules 1-2 in each cell. Fruit a drupe, some what 3-angled, ellipsoid, apiculate, glabrous, reddish; seed one.
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Habit:
Shrub to Small Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
Throughout the year
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District(s):
Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Thiruvananthapuram, Palakkad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Dry deciduous forests
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Distribution:
India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Thenmala, Chinnar, Champakkad, Thannikkudy, Mlappara, Arampa, Ponmudi
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