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Erythrina subumbrans
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Family:
FABACEAE/LEGUMINOSAE (Subfam.: Papilionoideae)
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Citation: Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr., Philipp. J. Sci. 5: 113. 1910; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 143. 1988; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 173. 1992; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 106. 1995; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 96. 1997; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 143. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 212. 1997; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 290. 2009.
Hypaphorus subumbrans Hassk., Hort. Bogor. Desc. 198. 1858.
Erythrina lithosperma Blume ex Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: 209. 1859; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 190. 1876.
Erythrina mysorensis Gamble, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1919: 222. 1919 & Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 354(250). 1919; Subram., Indian For. 96:527-529.1970.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Mullillamurikku, Venmurukku
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 15 m high; branchlets terete, glabrous. Leaves trifoliate, alternate; stipules small, lateral, cup-shaped, deciduous; rachis 10.5-17.5 cm long, slender, glabrous, pulvinate; stipels gland-like; petiolule to 10 mm long, opposite, slender, glabrous; lamina 8-16 x 3.8-10.5, terminal leaflets broadly elliptic-obovate or rhomboid, lateral leaflets elliptic-ovate or ovate, base obtuse, apex acuminate, margin entire, glabrous, chartaceous; 3-ribbed from the base, lateral nerves 5-9 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae scalariform. Flowers bisexual, 3 cm long, orange-red, in terminal pyramidal racemes to 10 cm long; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate; calyx erect, split halfway down; tube 4 mm, 2-lipped; lobes 4 mm; standard petals 2.5-3.5 cm long, oblanceolate; wings and keel about 1.5 cm long, keel petals free; stamens 9 +1, diadelphous, sheath 1.5 cm, alternately long and short; anthers uniform; ovary half inferior, stipitate, ovules many; style curved, subulate; stigma capitate. Fruit a pod, 8-12 x 1.5-2 cm, narrow-oblong, turgid, proximate half seedless, distal half with 1-5 seeds.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-May
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District(s):
Idukki, Malappuram, Kannur, Kollam, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Grown as shade tree in coffee plantations, also getting established in degraded evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Originally from Malesia; now common along Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Red
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Kallar, on way to Kannoth, Munnaimail, Nadugani ghats, Ettapadappu
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