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Elaeocarpus tuberculatus
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Family:
ELAEOCARPACEAE
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Citation: Elaeocarpus tuberculatus Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 594.1832; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1:404.1874; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 124(88). 1915; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 99. 1984; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 37. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 74. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 97. 1990; S.K. Murti in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 559. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 93. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 47. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 30. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 74. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 47. 1997; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 47. 1998; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 112. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 42. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 48. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 39. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 121. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 102. 2005; M. Reema et al. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 503. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 174. 2009.
Monocera tuberculata (Roxb.) Wight & Arn., Prodr. 83. 1834.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Adraksham, Ammakkara, Karamaram, Kara, Kodavasi, Mukkanni, Naggara, Navati, Pilahi, Rudraksham, Thodayam, Vellathaanni
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 25 m high, bole buttressed; bark 10-12 mm thick, grey mottled with white, smooth; young stem, buds, petioles and peduncles densely brown villous; branches monopodial. Leaves simple, alternate, clustered at the tip of branchlets, 8-24 x 4-15 cm, obovate, base cuneate or round, apex acute, obtuse or retuse, margin distantly serrate or crenate or subentire, glabrous above, ferruginous pubescent beneath; lateral nerves 8-12 pairs, parallel, the margin prominent, intercostae scalariform, slender, prominent, domatia present; petiole 15-30 mm, stout, pubescent, swollen tipped; stipules free, lateral, brown-villous. Flowers bisexual, white, in axillary racemes to 12 cm long; pedicel 2 cm long, deflexed. Sepals 5, lanceolate, tomentose outside, valvate. Petals 5, white, fimbriate, fulvous tomentose inserted round the base of glandular disc. Stamens numerous, inserted between the glands on the disc; anthers thinly tomentose, terminating in long bristle. Ovary superior, subglobose, densely tomentose, placed on raised torus, 2-celled, ovules 2 in each cell; style subulate, tomentose, entire. Fruit a drupe, 3-3.5 × 2.5 cm, oblong or ellipsoid, green, ferrugenous tomentose, stones single, compressed, coarsely tuberculate, 1-2-celled.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
December-August
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District(s):
Palakkad, Idukki, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad, Kozhikkode
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Along banks of streams in evergreen and shola forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
500-1400
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Localities:
Sholayar, Vazhachal, Kallar, Olikkudy, Pachakkanam, Vallakkadavu, Shekkalmudi, Peermade, Damsite, Velithode, Angamoozhy, Chandanathode, Tirunalli, Tolpetty, Lock-hert gap, Mukkali forests, Thalichola, Nadugani ghats, Ampumala, Thenmalai, Ettapadappu, Att
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