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Cyperus arenarius
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Family:
CYPERACEAE
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Citation: Cyperus arenarius Retz., Obs. Bot. 4: 9. 1786; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 602. 1893; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1640(1140). 1931; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 318. 1982; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 417. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 503. 1988; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 859. 1990; Rejani, Cyperac. Kerala 188. 1991; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 751. 2009.
Cyperus conglomeratus Rottb. var. arenarius (Retz.) Cass., Explor. Algir. Bot. 2: 245. 1855.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Perennial, 6-30 cm. Rhizome long creeping, deep in sand, c.1 mm diam. Roots thin, not tomentose. Stem c.1 mm diam., almost terete, smooth. Leaves c. equalling the stem; sheaths 20-40 mm, strongly nerved, rigid, with brown veins, disintegrating into fibres with age, mouth margin straight; ligule 0; blades c. 1 mm wide, stiff, curved, greyish green, semi-circular in transverse section, margins slightly scabrous, apex flat, blunt or acute, slightly scabrous. Inflorescence c. 20 mm diam., capitate, with 5 to more than 20 spikes, seldom with some elongated branches; bracts 1-2 foliose, up to 50 (100) mm, rigid, sheath-less, one often as continuation of stem; spikes 8-20 mm, ovoid, compressed, glumelike bracts c. 5 mm, glume-like prophyll 4 mm, widely ovate, with scarious margins, blunt; glumes 14-24, closely imbricating, caducous, 4-5 mm, cymbiform, with rounded back, pale brown, mucronate, sides with c. 6 obscure nerves, which often reddish brown, margins scarious; rachis zigzagging, c. 1 mm wide, internodes c. 0.5 mm, margins sharp, hardly winged. Stamens 3. Nut 1.5-1.7 x c. 1.3 mm, obovoid, plano-convex, compressed, brown or dark brown, almost smooth, glossy.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
October-December
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District(s):
Alappuzha, Kasaragode, Kannur, Malappuram, Kozhikkode
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Sandy beaches
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Distribution:
Southern and Central Asia, also in Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Monocotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Cannanore, Manjeswar, Ambalapuzha
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