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Cinnamomum sulphuratum
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Family:
LAURACEAE
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Citation: Cinnamomum sulphuratum Nees in Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 74. 1831; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 132. 1886; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1225(857). 1925; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 345. 1984; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 235. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 403. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 392. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 23,31. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 381. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 267. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 345. 1998; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 91. 2000 Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 268. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 567. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 424. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 697. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kattukaruva
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 8 m high, bark smooth, odorless, reddish brown; blaze dull red; branchlets slender, angular, densely, minute sub-appressed, yellow, fulvous, pilose. Apical bud small, densely yellow appressed fulvous pilose. Leaves simple, opposite or sub-opposite, estipulate; petiole 8-15 mm long, stout, yellow pilose when young; lamina 4-21 x 2-9 cm, elliptic, elliptic-ovate, elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, base acute obtuse or shortly cuneate, apex acute or obtusely acuminate or acuminate, margin entire, glabrous and glossy above, glaucous and yellowish pubescent beneath, glabrous afterwards, coriaceous; 3-ribbed from at or a little above the base; side ribs reaching nearly to the apex, prominent beneath; intercostae scalariform, faint. Flowers bisexual, in axillary or terminal lax, yellow fulvous pilose panicles, branchlets few slender; perianth tube 1-1.5 mm long, densely yellow pilose on both sides; tepals 6, 2-4 mm long, ovate, acute, yellow pilose on both sides; stamens 9 perfect, those of first and second rows opposite the perianth lobes, introrse and eglandular, those of third row opposite the first row, lateral, bearing 2 large glands at the base; staminodes3, of the forth row opposite the second row, narrowly sagitate, stipitate, pilose; ovary half inferior, ellipsoid, as long as the style, stigma minute, peltate. Fruit a berry, 1 x 1.5 cm, cup-shaped; at the rim bears hard end, appressed-pilose, ovate, tepals; base of the cup fleshy, obconic, slightly merging into slender pedicel.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-April
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad, Kozhikkode, Kannur, Malappuram
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and shola forests
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Distribution:
Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
600-1800
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Localities:
Kallar, Vallakkadavu, Karimala, Pandaravarai, Devicolam, Varadimalai area, Damsite, Kakki hills, Karasurymala, Attayar, Athirumala
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