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Cinnamomum malabatrum
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Family:
LAURACEAE
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Citation: Cinnamomum malabatrum (Burm. f.) Blume, Bijdr. 568. 1826; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 234. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 403. 1990; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 324. 1985; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 346. 1989; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 392. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 11,23,31. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 380. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 267. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 583. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 345. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 268. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 423. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 609. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 697. 2009.
Laurus malabatrum Burm. f., Fl. Ind. 92. 1768.
Cinnamomum iners sensu Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1224(857). 1925, non Reinw. ex Blume 1826.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Elavarung, Illavangam, Karappa, Karuppa, Kuppamaram, Patta, Shanthamaram, Vayana, Vazhana, Vellakodala
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 20 m high, bark 5-10 mm thick, reddish-brown, smooth or slightly, longitudinally cracked. Apical bud small, densely, subadpresed pilose. Leaves simple, opposite or subopposite, 10-30 x 3-9 cm, elliptic-oblong, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, apex acute or acuminate, base acute, margin entire, glabrous above, highly aromatic when bruised, coriaceous; 3-ribbed from at or a little above the base, the side ribs running almost to the apex, prominent with sparse crisp fine hairs, intercostae scalariform, glabrescent, slender; petiole 10-20 mm long, stout, glabrous. Flowers bisexual, in axillary and pseudo terminal paniculate cymes upto 25 cm long, with densely minutely subadpressed hairy; pedicels 3-4 mm long, slender, slightly thickened upwards; perianth tube shallow, 1 mm broad. Tepals 6, 3-3.5 mm long, fleshy, ovate, acute, with dense subadpressed pilose hairs. Stamens 9 perfect, in 3 rows, 2-2.5 mm long, those of first and second row opposite the perianth lobes, introrse and eglandular, those of the third row opposite the first row, extrorse, bearing large glands on short stipes, the basal part of which adnate to the filaments; filaments pilose, slender, slightly longer than the anthers; anthers oblong to subovate-oblong, 4-celled; staminodes of fourth row 1.5 mm long, hastate, cordate, on as long stipes, opposite the second row. Ovary half inferior, 2 mm, ellipsoid; style thick, cylindrical; stigma small, peltate. Fruit a berry, to 8 x 10 mm, subtended by shallow fleshy cup; the rim with the persistent thickened, basal part of tepals rounded, pilose.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-April
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Southern Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Southern Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Vellanimala, Kallar, Edappalayam, Sabarimala, Karimthalappara, Anakkalvayal, Maniyaar, Moozhiar, Damsite, Pathenthode, Taliparamba, Mukkali forests, Vattapara-Siruvani forests, Kottur R.F., Kayamkulam, Nedumkayam, Thalichola, Ommala area
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