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Cinchona calisaya
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Family:
RUBIACEAE
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Citation: Cinchona calisaya Wedd., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 3, 10: 6. 1848; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 589(416). 1921.
Cinchona calisaya Wedd. var. ledgeriana Howard, Quinol. Ind. Plant. 84. 1876; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 589(416). 1921.
Quinquina ledgeriana (Howard) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 295. 1891.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Quinine
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Description:
Erect tree up to 20 m tall; branches spreading; bark thick, longitudinally and transversely fissured. Leaves opposite, 8-10 x 3.5-4.5 cm, oblong- elliptic, glabrous, glossy on the upper surface; petioles up to 1-2 cm long; stipules interpetiolar, conical, 1.5 x 1 cm. Flowers small, numerous, purplish to rose, fragrant, in few-flowered cymes on terminal, pyramidal panicles; bracts minute, ovate-acute. Calyx turbinate; lobes 5, minute, valvate. Corolla purplish to rose; tube 0.8-1.6 cm long, tomentose; lobes 5, lanceolate, spreading, with a fringe of white hairs along the margins. Stamens 5, not exserted; filaments 4-6 mm long; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary inferior, 2-celled, with numerous ovules on axile placentae; style 1, 1.8-2.2 cm long, with a 2-fid stigma. Fruit an ovoid-acute septicidal capsule 6-9 x 8 mm; seeds numerous, yellow, winged; wings elliptic-lanceolate, lacerate on the margins.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
September-January
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District(s):
Idukki
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Cultivated
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Distribution:
Native of South America
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Rose
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
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