|
|
| |
Catunaregam spinosa
|
| |
|
| |
Family:
RUBIACEAE
|
| |
Citation: Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng., Adansonia 35: 13. 1978; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 132. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 206. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 187. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 130. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 213. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 189. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 320. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 230. 1990; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 18, 33; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 218. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 147. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 318. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 170. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 147. 2002; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 415. 2009.
Gardenia spinosa Thunb., Diss. Gard. 7: 16. t.2. f.4. 1780.
Gardenia dumetorum Retz., Obs. Bot. 2: 14. 1781.
Randia dumetorum (Retz.) Poir. var. floribunda (DC.) Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 616(434). 1921; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 266. 2005.
Randia brandisii Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 616(434). 1921, nom. illeg.; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 266. 2005.
Randia spinosa (Thunb.) Poir. in Lam., Encycl. Suppl. 2:329.1811; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3:110.1880.
Xeromphis spinosa (Thunb.) Keay, Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat. 28: 37. 1958; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 181. 1995.
|
| |
Malayalam Name(s):
Kara, Karachulli, Karalikkaya, Kattunaranna, Malankkara
|
| |
Tamil name(s):
|
| |
English name(s):
Emetic nut, Common emetic, Mountain Pomegranate
|
| |
Description:
Large shrub to small trees with small straight axillary spines. Leaves opposite on short lateral branchlets, to 4.5 x 2 cm, obovate, obtuse, tomentose below, petiolate; stipule ovate, cuspidate. Flowers solitary, terminal on lateral branches, pedicellate; calyx tube 5 mm long, lobes obovate, hispid; corolla tube 6 mm long, broad, densely villous at the base inside; lobes 5, 12 mm long, obovate, twisted, white; stamens 5, anthers sessile at the mouth of the corolla; ovary 2-6-celled; ovules many; style 12 mm long, stout; stigma fusiform, ribbed. Fruit an obovoid berry, 4 x 3 cm, glabrous; seeds many, embedded in pulp.
|
| |
Habit:
Shrub to Small Tree
|
| |
Flowering & Fruiting:
April-December
|
| |
District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Kasaragode, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Kozhikkode, Thrissur, Wayanad
|
| |
Medicinal:
Yes
|
| |
Habitat:
Moist deciduous forests
|
| |
Distribution:
Tropical Asia and Africa
|
| |
Aquatic:
No
|
| |
Epiphyte(s):
No
|
| |
Saprophyte:
No
|
| |
Stem parasite:
No
|
| |
Root parasite:
No
|
| |
Flower colour(s):
White
|
| |
Weed:
No
|
| |
Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
|
| |
Exotic:
No
|
| |
Garden:
No
|
| |
Edible:
No
|
| |
Vegetable:
No
|
| |
Endemic to:
|
| |
IUCN status:
|
| |
Altitude:
|
| |
Localities:
Peechi, Vellanimala, Kattalappara, Thekkady, Vengoli, Thellikkal, Aruvanpara, Sabarimala, Chandanathode, Kannoth, Tolpetty, Parappa, Bhavani river bank, Kaikatty forests-Pothundy, Olipara forests, Walayar, Beemanadi, Nellikuth, Kanjirakadavu, Vadapuram,
|
|