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Caesalpinia bonduc
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Family:
FABACEAE/LEGUMINOSAE (Subfam.: Caesalpinioideae)
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Citation: Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 362. 1832; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 9. 1992; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 161. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 229. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 120. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 110. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 106. 2002; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 250. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 320. 2009.
Guilandina bonduc L., Sp. Pl. 381. 1753.
Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Flem., Asiat. Res. 11: 159. 1810; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 254. 1878.
Caesalpinia crista sensu Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 393(278). 1919, non L. 1753.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kalimarakam, Kazhanji, Kazhanchikkuru
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Fever nut, Physic nut, Bonduc nut
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Description:
Scandent shrubs; stems armed with recurved prickles. Leaves bipinnate, to 50 cm long; pinnae 4-5 pairs; leaflets 5-8 pairs per pinna, 2-5 x 0.8-2.2 cm, ovate or elliptic-oblong, base rounded, apex obtuse, mucronate; petiole to 15 cm long; stipules 0.8-1.7 cm long, foliaceous, lobed or pinnate. Racemes supra-axillary or terminal, many-flowered, to 15 cm long. Flowers c.1.5 cm across; pedicels 2-5 mm long; bracts 6-8 x 1-2 mm, lanceolate, caducous. Calyx lobes 5, separate almost to the base, 5-8 mm long, oblong or obovate, pubescent. Petals yellow as long as the sepals, oblanceolate, reflexed; upper one smaller. Stamens 10; filaments villous. Ovules 2. Pods 4.5-9 x3.5-4.5 cm, elliptic, turgid, beaked, covered with straight, puberulent spines. Seeds 1 or 2, 1-1.5 cm across, subglobose, greyish-white.
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Habit:
Climber
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-May
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District(s):
Palakkad, Alappuzha, Idukki, Malappuram, Thrissur, Thiruvananthapuram, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen and moist deciduous forests, also in sacred groves
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Distribution:
Paleotropics
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Chimmini, Poonkavanam, Koruthode, Kottayali, Alleppey town, Nellikuth
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