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Brachiaria ramosa
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Family:
POACEAE/GRAMINEAE
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Citation: Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf in Prain, Fl. Trop. Africa 9:542. 1919; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1770(1226). 1934; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 343. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 463. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 451. 1985; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 920. 1990; Sreek. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Kerala Grasses 223. 1991; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 529. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 447. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 20. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 832. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 513. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 340. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 386. 2002; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 825. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 955. 2009.
Panicum ramosum L., Mant. Pl. 1: 29. 1767; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 7: 36. 1896.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Chamapothaval
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Annuals. Culms 20-70 cm long, decumbent; nodes glabrous or softly villous. Leaves 3-14 x 0.5-2.3 cm, linear-lanceolate, shallowly cordate or rounded at base, acuminate at apex, softly villous, stiff-scabrid along margins; sheaths 2-5 cm, densely pubescent; ligule a row of hairs. Racemes 5-14 in number, pseudopaniculate, each 2-6 cm long; rhachis angular. Spikelets 2.5-3 mm, broadly elliptic or ovate-elliptic, acute to cuspidate, pubescent or glabrous. Pedicels with or without long colourless hairs. Lower glume 1-1.5 x 2 mm, ovate or obovate, chartaceous, 7-nerved, softly hairy or glabrous. Upper glume 2.5-3 x 1.5-2 mm, ovate, chartaceous, 7-nerved, softly hairy or glabrous. Lower floret empty. Upper floret bisexual. First lemma 2.5-3 x 2 mm, ovate, chartaceous, 5-nerved. Palea c. 2 x 0.5 mm, oblong-lanceolate, hyaline, 2-keeled. Second lemma 2-2.5 x 1.5-2 mm, ovate, mucronate, crustaceous, rugose. Palea c. 2 x 1 mm, ovate, crustaceous, 2-keeled. Stamens 3; anthers c. 1 mm long. Ovary c. 0.5 mm long; stigmas c. 1 mm long.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-September
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Grasslands and moist deciduous forests, roadsides and wastelands
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Distribution:
Africa and Tropical Asia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
Yes
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Monocot/Dicot:
Monocotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Chinnar, Thannikkudy, Thekkady, Thellikkal, Kuthiran R.F., Vellanikkara, Kodumon, Cannanore, Nileswar, Vettilachola, Sreekaryam, Kutiyadi, Pallana, R. Block, Kalavoor, Cochin, Nadugani ghats, Manimooli, Rosemalai Road
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