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Antidesma ghaesembilla
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Family:
EUPHORBIACEAE
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Citation: Antidesma ghaesembilla Gaertn., Fruct. 1: 189. 1788; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 357. 1887; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1298(908). 1925; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 272. 1982; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 245. 1988; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 332. 1985; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 354. 1989; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 604. 1997; Chakrab. & Gangop., Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 24: 17. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 281. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 595. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 436. 2005; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 305. 2007.
Antidesma pubescens Roxb., Pl. Corom. 2: 35, t.167. 1802 .
Antidesma paniculatum Roxb. ex Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 764. 1806.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kattupulinchi, Poothuruval
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Black currant tree
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Description:
Trees, to 12 m high, bark grey; branchlets brown or greyish, lenticellate, greyish, fulvous, brown or ferrugineous-tomentellous, glabrescent in age. Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate; stipules lateral, 3-8 mm long, linear or lanceolate, deciduous; petiole 3-25 mm, slender, tomentose, lamina 2.5-14 x 1.5-10 cm, oblong, oblong-elliptic, obovate, suborbicular or ovate; base round, cordate, truncate, subacute or obtuse, apex round, obtuse, retuse or apiculate, margin entire, chartaceous to thinly coriaceous or sometimes membranous, glabrous or sparsely pilose on midrib and lateral nerves above grey or fulvous tomentellous to thinly pilose beneath, lateral nerves 3-7 pairs, parallel, slender, prominent intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers unisexual, reddish-yellow; male flowers: in terminal and axillary much branched spikes; peduncle densely brown or fulvous tomentose; bracts 1-5 mm long, linear or narrowly ovate, densely pilose; perianth ca.1.2 x 1-2 mm, cupular, densely pilose or tomentellous outside, lobes 5, ovate, acute; disc glands free, inter staminal, pilose towards apex; stamens 4-5, 1-2 mm long; anther cells orbicular; pistillode obconic; female flowers: in terminal and axillary branched or simple racemes; peduncle densely brown or fulvous tomentose; pedicel 0.8-1.5 mm, densely pilose; perianth cupular, 1-1.5 x 1.5-2 mm, densely pilose outside, lobes 5, elliptic, ovate or linear-oblong, almost free, acute; disc annular; ovary superior, 1-1.5 mm long, 1-[2 ] locular, ovules 2 in each cell, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, often oblique, tomentose; styles terminal. Fruit a drupe 4-6 x 3-5 mm, compressed-orbicular, glabrous, reddish-brown or black, alveolate.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-December
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Kasaragode, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikkode, Ernakulam
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Moist deciduous forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia to Australia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Brown, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
300-1400
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Localities:
Thekkady, Kuruva Island, Panthenthode border, Maniyaar, Taliparamba, Punchakolli, Bonaccord
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