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Antidesma alexiteria
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Family:
EUPHORBIACEAE
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Citation: Antidesma alexiteria L., Sp. Pl. 1027. 1753, Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5:359.1887; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 428. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 346. 1995; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 364. 1998; Chakrab. & Gangop., Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 24:11.2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 281. 2002; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 304. 2007; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 720. 2009.
Antidesma zeylanicum Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 1: 207. 1792; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1297(908). 1925; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 357. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 409. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 355. 1989; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 597. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 436. 2005.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Thathalamaram
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 8 m high, bark pale brown, thin, smooth; branchlets pale to dark brown, glabrous, sparsely ferrugineous-puberulous when young. Leaves simple, alternate, 3.5-15 x 1.5-4.5 cm, elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic-oblong or elliptic-obovate, apex acuminate, base acute or rarely round, chartaceous; stipules lateral, 2-2.5 mm long, subulate or triangular-acuminate, cauducous; petiole 1.5-5 mm long, slender, grooved above, glabrous; lateral nerves 5-12 pairs, pinnate, slender, prominent, intercostae reticulate, faint. Male flowers: 2-3 together in terminal and axillary, lax flowered, scattered ferruginous, rufous or yellow puberulous or pilose spikes, perianth 0.5-x 1.5 mm, cupular, scattered pilose outside, lobes 4-5, orbicular to deltoid; disc thick, button like; stamens 3, inserted in the excavation of the disc; anther cells orbicular. Female flowers: 1-2 together in terminal and axillary scattered brown or ferruginous puberulous spikes; perianth cupular, 0.7 x 1 mm, sparsely puberulous; lobes 4, shallow, triangular or deltoid; ovary superior, ovoid, 1 mm long, glabrous, 1-[2] loculed, ovule 2 in each cell; style stout, bifid, terminal. Fruit a drupe, 4-6 x 3-5 mm, flattened, suborbicular or lenticellate or broadly obliquely ellipsoid, irregularly or alveolate, glabrous, often with white pustules, red when ripe.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-May
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Idukki, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Wayanad, Thrissur
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen forests
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Distribution:
South India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
100-1200
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Localities:
Chenthamara, Vallakkadavu, Kottayali, Arampa, Brahmagiri, Panoth, Ariankavu, Teppakulam, Bonaccord
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