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Albizia saman
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Family:
FABACEAE/LEGUMINOSAE (Subfam.: Mimosoideae)
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Citation: Albizia saman (Jacq.) F.Muell., Sel. Pl. Indust. Cult. 12. 1891.
Mimosa saman Jacq., Fragm. Bot. 15, t. 9) 1800.
Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr., J. Wash. Acad. Sc. 6: 47. 1916; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 102. 1982; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 151. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 172. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 152. 1989; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 72. 1992; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 114. 1997; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 171. 1996; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 206. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 272. 2009.
Enterolobium saman (Jacq.) Prain ex King, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 66: 252. 1898.
Pithecellobium saman (Jacq.) Benth. in Hook. Lond. J. Bot. 3: 216. 1844.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Mazhamaram, Urakamthoongimaram
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Cow tamarind, Monkeypod, Rain tree
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Description:
Trees, to 25 m high, bark yellowish-brown, rough, deeply fissured; branchlets pubescent. Leaves bipinnate, alternate, stipulate; stipules lateral, small, lanceolate, densely pubescent, cauducous; rachis 19-24 cm long, stout, pubescent, pulvinate, glands between pinnae pairs on the upper side; pinnae 6-7 pairs, 3-15 cm long, pulvinate, slender, grooved above, pubescent, 2-glands at the top of the pulvinous on the upper side and one between each pair of leaflets; leaflets 6-16, opposite, subsessile, estipellate; lamina 1.5-4.5 × 1-3 cm, oblong, rhomboid, trapezoid or ovate-oblong, base obliquely truncate, apex obtuse, mucronate, margin entire, glabrous above, pubescent and glaucous beneath, coriaceous; lateral nerves 4-11 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers bisexual, pinkish-white, subsessile, in dense heads; peduncle 6-10 cm long, pubescent, solitary or 2-3 together in the axils of upper leaves; calyx 3-5 mm long, funnel shaped, pilose, lobes 5, broadly triangular; corolla 8-13 mm long, pinkish, funnel shaped, puberulous, lobes 5, ovate, half as long as the tube; stamens many, 3 cm long, connate at the base ina tube one-third as long as the corolla tub, apex pink, base white; ovary superior, glabrous, sessile, stigma minute. Fruit a pod, 12-20×1-2.5 cm, indehiscent, slightly flattened and depressed between the seeds, sutures thickened; epicarp thin, crustaceous, glossy brown, mesocarp pulpy, light brown, sticky; endocarp firmly crustaceous, forming continous septa between the seeds; seeds 16-20, 1×0.6 cm, smooth, brown, glossy.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-May
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Grown as avenue tree
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Distribution:
Native of Central and South America; widely planted in the tropics as avenue tree
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Pink, White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
Yes
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Pappinisseri, Puliyoor
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